Tom notices that he is a lot more short of breath after he finishes a 200 meter sprint than when he jogs for 3 miles. He is confused because he feels as if he should feel more tired when he runs for a much longer distance. Explain to him why it makes sense that he is indeed more short of breath after running a sprint than jogging. Make sure to explain it using your scientific knowledge of cellular respiration.
When Tom is running the 200 meter sprint he is not able to breathe in the oxygen. So not being able to breathe in the oxygen he isn’t making as much ATP. So instead of making a bundle of ATP he gives short amount like 2 ATP so he can get energy to finish the race. If he continued sprinting he wouldn’t get very far, because he isn’t making enough ATP and would have to stop and breathe eventually. While jogging the 3 mile he can take in a lot more oxygen which makes more ATP which can give him energy to jog a farther distance.
A scientist isolates mitochondria form human cells and places them in an acid solution. The acid penetrates the intermembranous space of the mitochondria. The scientist then notices that the mitochondria start making ATP despite the fact that he is not providing any glucose for them. How is it possible that the mitochondria are still making ATP? (Think back to what an acid is, what it releases when placed in a solution and why this would make the mitochondria synthesize ATP).
When the Acid mixed with the mitochondria, it released H+ ions which helped the mitochondria start working. So since the H+ ions are released it can start making small amounts of ATP without oxygen. Therefore making small amounts of ATP.
Genetic testing reveals that baby Helen has a defective gene that results in the defective production of one of the proteins in the electron transport chain. Because of faulty instructions in her DNA, one of the proteins in her ETC is mis-shapen, and therefore it cannot perform its function as efficiently. Baby Helen is “failing to thrive” as she is having a hard time gaining weight and reaching developmental milestones. Using your knowledge of the ETC and its role in making ATP, explain why you think baby Helen is having the problems described above.
We think since one of the proteins in the ETC is damaged, it doesn’t produce enough ATP for energy. So since theirs not enough energy, the body can’t grow as fast with less energy. With weight, maybe that it might not store as much fat when she eats. Since there is less ATP being made, maybe theirs not enough energy to store it. So therefore not being able to gain as much weight or grow as much.
Compare the basic transformation of energy during photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
With cellular Respiration you need Oxygen to carry out the process. For photosynthesis you need sunlight to carry out the process. In photosynthesis is goes thought the electron acceptor to create the final product. In Cellular Respiration it makes energy straight from the Electron transport chain.
Describe the role of ATP in biochemical reactions. What is ATP used for in your cells? How do your cells get energy out of a molecule of ATP? How is ATP recharged?
The role of ATP in biochemical reactions is to transport energy across the cells. ATP is used in cells to provide energy to carry out their progress. By breaking the ATP bond that releases energy. Through the Electron Transport Chain.
When Tom is running the 200 meter sprint he is not able to breathe in the oxygen. So not being able to breathe in the oxygen he isn’t making as much ATP. So instead of making a bundle of ATP he gives short amount like 2 ATP so he can get energy to finish the race. If he continued sprinting he wouldn’t get very far, because he isn’t making enough ATP and would have to stop and breathe eventually. While jogging the 3 mile he can take in a lot more oxygen which makes more ATP which can give him energy to jog a farther distance.
When the Acid mixed with the mitochondria, it released H+ ions which helped the mitochondria start working. So since the H+ ions are released it can start making small amounts of ATP without oxygen. Therefore making small amounts of ATP.
We think since one of the proteins in the ETC is damaged, it doesn’t produce enough ATP for energy. So since theirs not enough energy, the body can’t grow as fast with less energy. With weight, maybe that it might not store as much fat when she eats. Since there is less ATP being made, maybe theirs not enough energy to store it. So therefore not being able to gain as much weight or grow as much.
With cellular Respiration you need Oxygen to carry out the process. For photosynthesis you need sunlight to carry out the process. In photosynthesis is goes thought the electron acceptor to create the final product. In Cellular Respiration it makes energy straight from the Electron transport chain.
The role of ATP in biochemical reactions is to transport energy across the cells. ATP is used in cells to provide energy to carry out their progress. By breaking the ATP bond that releases energy. Through the Electron Transport Chain.